The recent wave of violence in the
cities of Westchester should reminded us
that every elected official, community
leaders, concerned citizens, and residents should be held accountable for
public safety, and the perception thereof, in our community. How true is that old African proverb, “It takes a
village to raise a child?” From the looks of things, perhaps it has
fallen to the wayside. For
any city to have a nickname of “Murderville” should be of great concern of not
only the residents but should be a focus of change among city elected
officials.
There have been many debates on the effect of poverty has on high crime areas and communities. Studies show that there are more Americans in poverty in 2012 than there was in 1965. Westchester County, a county considered one of the wealthiest counties in America has no immunity to poverty and crime.
Crime rates have a capacity to take a cities economy into a vicious cycle that causes unemployment and low community growth. In many of Westchester cities that are affected by crime and poverty you have a high population of minorities or poor whites.
There have been many debates on the effect of poverty has on high crime areas and communities. Studies show that there are more Americans in poverty in 2012 than there was in 1965. Westchester County, a county considered one of the wealthiest counties in America has no immunity to poverty and crime.
Crime rates have a capacity to take a cities economy into a vicious cycle that causes unemployment and low community growth. In many of Westchester cities that are affected by crime and poverty you have a high population of minorities or poor whites.
Society on a whole has a general
misconception of the link between poverty and crime. Although crime is often
committed by those who are impoverished, all those who are poor do not commit
crimes. Other misconceptions include the assumption that people of color are
automatically more likely to commit crime because of the color of their skin
rather than their surroundings and upbringing. Many of these misconceptions may
lead to adverse effects of racism and bigotry in real-life meetings between
those with and those without. Understanding and solving the root of the link
between poverty and crime will inevitably cause citizens to take pride in their
neighborhoods and become productive participants in the labor force.
If we look at crime in the U.S. more broadly, patterns emerge that make it difficult to look at crimes as simply the personal faults of individual crooks and villains. Starting from the 70s, studies in the US pointed more and more at the link between unemployment, poverty and crime. Other connections like low income level, schooling, neighborhood quality, education, etc, were revealed as well. Dierdre Golash in her report The Case Against Punishment: Retribution, Crime Prevention, and the Law says that there is a “wide, (though not universal) agreement among criminologists that social factors such as income inequality, poverty, unemployment, and local social disorganization contribute to crime. One thread that all these potential causes listed by Golash have in common is the economic factor.
If we look at crime in the U.S. more broadly, patterns emerge that make it difficult to look at crimes as simply the personal faults of individual crooks and villains. Starting from the 70s, studies in the US pointed more and more at the link between unemployment, poverty and crime. Other connections like low income level, schooling, neighborhood quality, education, etc, were revealed as well. Dierdre Golash in her report The Case Against Punishment: Retribution, Crime Prevention, and the Law says that there is a “wide, (though not universal) agreement among criminologists that social factors such as income inequality, poverty, unemployment, and local social disorganization contribute to crime. One thread that all these potential causes listed by Golash have in common is the economic factor.
Is there disproportionality in wealth
and economic development here in Westchester? Profoundly Yes! Cities like Mt. Vernon, whose medium family
income is $50,555 compared to its neighbor Scarsdale whose medium income is
$208,750. Rye City’s median income is $207,773
and neighboring Portchester is $51,652. Scarsdale minority population is 5.3%
minority compared to Mt. Vernon’s 75.6% minority population and Rye city 7.8 %
minority compared to Portchester’s 64.7%. The income inequality can be applied
with other cities in Westchester.
There has even been
discussion among Mt. Vernon home owners to file a joint lawsuit against the
Westchester County government for Reparations. It is well known throughout
political circles that in the 80’ and 90’s, Westchester County purposely move
people living on Welfare, Receiving Section 8 Vouchers, and homeless shelters
to cities like Mt. Vernon, Yonkers, Peekskill and other high minority populated
areas and did not give financial assistance to fund support programs for the
large migration of needy families that were purposely sent to these cities by
the Westchester County government. At the beginning of this process, it was
reported that former Mt. Vernon Mayor Blackwood was quoted saying “Mt. Vernon
will not be a dumping ground for the poor”. Ironically, Mayor Blackwood was
attacked by his own Democratic Party for standing up for the economic stability
of Mt. Vernon. Now many years later, what you see in Mt. Vernon is the effect
like many other cities in Westchester; high crime, high unemployment, low
economic development and high taxes for homeownersIt’s reported that Westchester County Executive Rob Astrorino and his Administration terminated contracts that has threaten summer initiative for youth and moved $5.8 million from the 2011 budget for the Department of Social Services to pay correction officers at the same time he wants to raise the parent share of subsidized child care under Department of Social Services.
"Since the termination of contract
and the programs, there are five youth participants currently housed
at the Westchester County Department of Corrections. It cost tax payers
thousands to house one youthful offender per year.
I don't understand the logic of the Astorino's Administration”
says Sonja Brown, Director of the Westchester RISE Program.
Crime is clearly an important problem
that must be confronted. However, it cost about $40,000 to detain a person in a
correctional facility in New York each year. Westchester County Jail moves over
10 thousand detainees through its doors per year. We see from an economic
standpoint, detaining every prisoner is actually a greater burden to the tax
payer than creating policies that truly address the needs of youth and families
here in Westchester.
“From a Law Enforcement perspective, in hard
economic times, police management and government has fallen away from community
policing or thinking outside the box in addressing and solving the problems in
our community before they become serious police problems. That’s how you being
proactive in policing and in government”, says Ron Hampton, Executive Director
of Blacks in Law Enforcement of America, Washington D.C.
Simply put, poverty
and crime is created and sustained by putting Politics before its People.
First,
the budgets for antipoverty programs have never been substantial. Aid to Families
with Dependent Children has declined since 1973. Second, Antipoverty programs often discourage
desirable behavior like working, saving, and taking initiative, all of which
contribute to income growth and an expansion of opportunity. At the same time,
past experience tells us that the magnitude of the poverty and crime problem
will not be reduced significantly in Westchester unless budgetary resources are
increased to match the rhetoric of our elected officials.
I would say that in this county it would be hard to
argue that there is not a relationship between crime and poverty. Poor people
make up the overwhelming majority of those behind bars as 53% of those in
prison earned less than $10,000 per year before incarceration. Given the
outright correlation between poverty and crime, any policy serious about
reducing crime has to take poverty reduction policies into account. We must
focus on improved economic policies and a county-wide
commitment to solving the problem, eradicating poverty--and therefore
eradicating the crime that goes with it. Fighting crime goes far beyond
policing and detaining, it is a true social justice plan on all levels of
government.